听结构的原则

听到下列信息一定要注意:
1. 开头,主题(重复, 停顿, thus…, so…, anyway…)
2. 强调
特殊词强调:“Especially” “indeed”、“certainly(当然)”、“Just remember(一定要记住)”、“And again.(再说一遍)”、“special feature(特殊的特征)”、“Most importantly(最为重要的是)”、“One thing I should mention(我应该提及的是……)”、“Make / Be sure to…(一定要……)”
 Interesting, important
重复强调: 重读, 吐字清楚
级别强调:-er”、“-est”“more”、“most”、“mostly”、“first”、“last”、“majority(多数 派)”、“minority(少数派)”、“above all(首要的是)”等等举不胜举。 顺序, first, second, third, then,
否定信息: They weren’t a surprise. Not…but…
自问自答或者一问一答
3. 定义、解释“What I mean is…”、“All that means is…”“…, which is / that is…(那就是说……)”refer to… as….
4. 举例: “for instance”、“such as…”“namely…”、“as an example”、“take example for ”
5. 对于对话要注意听建议:1) You should  2) I suggest / I propose / I recommend
3) proposal / tips / suggestion / advice/ recommendation
4) had better do sth. / be better off doing sth.
5) How about…? / What about…? 6) Why not…? / Why don’t you…?
7) If I were you, I would…/ I wouldn’t…
8) Would it make things go faster if you…?
9) Maybe / Perhaps you… 10) How does … sound?
对于讲座要注意听列举:there are three reasons for this phenomenon….
6. 原因结果 
原因:1) because … 2) because of … 3) due to … 4) since … 5) as … 6) for … 7) The reason is … 8) That’s why … 9) By reason of … 10) Owing to …
结果:1) so … 2)so that … 3)therefore … 4)thereby … 5)hereby … 6)thus … 7)As a result 8)consequently … 9)hence … 10)accordingly …
7. 对比compare to…(与……相比), contrast,  “unlike(不象)”、“similar to(与……类似)”、“in contrast to(与……对照)”、“differently”、differ, “alike(象)”、“resemble(类似)” “on the other hand” “instead” “likewise” “in the same way”等等。Not…so much…as….
8. 转折1) but … 2) however … 3) nevertheless … 4) while …5) yet … 6) unless … 7) except for … 8) actually … 9) in fact … 10) To tell you the truth … 11) practically … 12) virtually … 13) as a matter of fact …
9. 过程:process, appraoch, procedure, development, 注意听序数词。
10. 结论conclusion”、“summarize”、“make a summary(总结)”、“in brief(概括说)”、 “in short(简而言之)”、“in a word(简而言之)”、“in a conclusion”、 “finally”、“all in all”、“to sum up” 最后一句话非常重要,一定要仔细听。
特别注意:一问一答,不断重复
 

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